conditional sentence
A conditional sentence is a sentence
structure commonly used in English to talk about something (a result) that may
happen ONLY IF something else happens first (a condition). The condition may be
something real or unreal/hypothetical, and the result could a definite result,
or just a possible/likely result.
The most common
type of conditional sentence uses if. These are the easiest conditional
sentences to form and understand. You could also use unless, when, after, before or as soon as. Here, we will
focus on using conditional sentences with if.
Form:
|
If + Simple Present, + Simple Present
|
Use:
The zero conditional is
used to talk about things which are always true, scientific facts, general
truths:
Examples:
Examples:
If you cross an
international date line, the time changes.
Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air.
If I wake up early, I go jogging.
NOTE: you can use "when" instead of "if".
Phosphorus burns if you expose it to air.
If I wake up early, I go jogging.
NOTE: you can use "when" instead of "if".
v Conditional
Sentence Type 1
→ It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.
Example: If I find her
address, I’ll send her an invitation.
v Conditional
Sentence Type 2
Form
if + Simple Past,
main clause with Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)
Example: If I found her
address, I would send her an invitation.
The
main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't
use a comma.
Example: I would send
her an invitation if I found her address.
Note: Main clause and
/ or if clause might be negative. See Simple Past und Conditional I on how to form
negative sentences.
Example: If I had a lot
of money, I wouldn’t stay here.
Were instead
of Was
In
IF Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.
Example: If I were you, I would
not do this.
Use
Conditional
Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if
the present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to
change, however. I just imagine „what would
happen if …“
Example: If I found her
address, I would send her an invitation.
I
would like to send an invitation to a friend. I have looked everywhere for her
address, but I cannot find it. So now I think it is rather unlikely that I will
eventually find her address.
Example: If John had the
money, he would buy a Ferrari.
I
know John very well and I know that he doesn't have much money, but he loves
Ferraris. He would like to own a Ferrari (in his dreams). But I think it is
very unlikely that he will have the money to buy one in the near future.
v conditional sentenceType 3
Form
if + Past Perfect,
main clause with Conditional II
Example: If I had found
her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
The
main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't
use a comma.
Example: I would have
sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
Note: Main clause and
/ or if clause might be negative. See Past Perfect and Conditional II on how to form
negative sentences.
Example: If I hadn’t
studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams.
Use
Conditional
Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have
happened in the past if a certain condition had been fulfilled. Things were
different then, however. We just imagine, what would have happened if the
situation had been fulfilled.
Example: If I had found
her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Sometime
in the past, I wanted to send an invitation to a friend. I didn't find her
address, however. So in the end I didn't send her an invitation.
Example: If John had had
the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.
I
knew John very well and I know that he never had much money, but he loved
Ferraris. He would have loved to own a Ferrari, but he never had the money to
buy one.
Nama : Siti Diah Ayu Pratiwi
Kelas : 4 ea 15
NPM : 13209870
Universitas Gunadarma
-
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar